what was caused when the FRench felt their country was going to be invaded

French and Indian State of war

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Print illustrating Colonel Henry Bouquet, an English officer, negotiating peace with a coalition of Delaware, Seneca-Cayuga and Shawnee tribes at the end of the French and Indian War in 1764. The negotiations took place nigh modern day Bolivar, Ohio. Caption reads "The Indians giving a Talk to Colonel Bouquet in a Conference at a Quango burn, virtually his Camp on the Banks of Muskingum in North America, in Oct.r 1764."

Leading European powers during the mid-18th century were in conflict with 1 another for control of state and dominance. These tensions adult into a multi-country confrontation known as the Seven Years State of war that pitted France, Austria, Sweden, Russian federation, and Saxony against Prussia, Hanover, and Great United kingdom. Conflicts were not simply isolated to European boundaries but were on a global calibration with hostilities expanding into territories surrounding India and N America. The struggle occurring within the colonies, centered on Great U.k. confronting France, was known as the French and Indian War.

North American territory was dominated by the British on the eastern coast, the French downwards in Louisiana upwardly through Canada following the Mississippi Valley, and the Spanish in Florida. Each European power was vying for dominance within North America and all were aiming to claim the nigh land possible. Due to Spain'southward miniscule settlement, the primary contest for supremacy came betwixt Great U.k. and France.

There were no clear dividing lines that separated New France from the British colonies so constant disagreements arose about who could claim what land. Specifically, regions effectually the Ohio Valley into the Ohio River and upwardly near the Great Lakes produced the largest controversy. French republic, who first discovered the Ohio country, claimed control because they had not only arrived in that area outset but also established trading centers to ensure a lasting hold on the region. In contradiction, Uk demanded buying because the land grants issued by the monarchy allotted the colonies with claim to all areas expanding from the east coast to the not- yet-settled due west declension. Since at that place was no specific border, British colonists, unhappy with the overcrowding occurring on the East coast, expanded their settlements into "French" lands, taking over already established areas for their own specific apply. The French and many Native American nations were frustrated with these imperialistic actions of the British.

Tensions escalated when the French built a trading fort, known as Fort Duquesne, in what would become Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Britain felt that this was strictly within their colonial territory. The British authorities sent over a representative, 21-year-quondam George Washington, to demand that the French relinquish their fort and return back to their own settlements. New France refused to accommodate the terms which provoked Washington and the pocket-sized number of soldiers accompanying him to attack, thus stimulating the French and Indian State of war in 1756.

The first physical conflictions between the two countries occurred at Fort Duquesne where the French were pitted against Washington and the newly-arrived General Edward Braddock. The British outnumbered the French. However, they were attempting to fight in the typical European style of open battlefield, marching toward the enemy lines and shooting at the opponent; whereas the French opted for a more than guerilla warfare style of concealing themselves from the British while surprise attacking them. Many American Indians who were angered by the expansion of British colonies into their homelands aligned with the French during the war, although some, such every bit the Iroquois, affiliated with the British due to their frustration at France'southward original colonialism.

The majority of the fighting occurred along Lake George and Lake Champlain, which allowed both sides to movement supplies and troops relatively efficiently. Great United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland began the state of war with a series of unsuccessful attempts to take French forts. All the same, momentum shifted in favor of Dandy Uk when the British military was able to claim Fort Carillon, later named Fort Ticonderoga, and have Quebec.

With the primary fortress of Canada seized, Republic of india lost, and a weak showing in Europe, France realized that victory over United kingdom was nearly unattainable. In response, France attempted to organize a peace agreement with Bully Great britain but the demands of the British were too slap-up to accept. Instead, King Charles Iii of Spain offered his services to help his cousin, King Louis Fifteen of France, in example the British did not agree to a peace terms past May 1, 1762. This arrangement was known as the Family unit Compact. This brotherhood was meant to provide an incentive for the British to end the war, however, France saw the alignment as an option for victory. Overall, this was not strategically benign as the British Navy completely overpowered the Spanish navy and was able to gain the French Caribbean area Islands, the Philippines, and Spanish Cuba. With this loss of territory and a failed invasion of England, the French diplomats sought peace.

In 1763, the European powers of Peachy Uk, France, Kingdom of spain, and Portugal collectively signed the Treaty of Paris, thus ending the Seven Years. Great United kingdom received the master rewards from the understanding as France and Spain both gave up the territories they held inside North America. However, Keen U.k. paid a heavy price to execute the expensive multi-war front and was left with heavy debts. In lodge pay these debts, the British government began to effect high taxes upon the citizens and the products they bought. As well, in order to keep compatible relations with American Indians in the region, the monarchy issued the Annunciation of 1763 to reduce the amount of due west expansion of Anglo-American settlers into the freshly-obtained territory to the west of the Appalachian Mountains. With higher living expenses and reduced abilities to expand settlements, colonists became disheartened with the British authorities, a sentiment that would eventually develop into the American Revolution.

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References

1. Hurt, R. Douglas. The Ohio Frontier: Crucible of the Sometime Northwest, 1720-1830. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1996.

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